1. Formal and Informal Language

Informal
Formal
1 Everybody must… It is essential/crucial/vital that all parties…
2 In our daily lives we experience the influence of … Daily life is influenced by…
3 We simply/just order goods from… Goods can be ordered directly from…
4 Let us consider… It is important to consider…
5 It’s high time we all did the right thing. The current situation requires action from all citizens…
6 We can’t see and touch the goods. Goods cannot be seen or touched…
7 When we download songs we cheat their authors of income. Downloading songs infringes on the interests of their authors.
8 We, Chinese, do things our own way. Chinese people tend to do things in a certain way.
9 I love/ I like/ prefer… Personally, I favour…
10 We face a huge danger of being cheated… There is a serious risk of fraud…
11 You may ask… One may ask…
12 Students have their own styles of learning… Students learn in different ways…
13 We can do many things… Many things can be done/are possible…

Source : http://elc.polyu.edu.hk/CILL/EAP/matching-formality.htm

2. Simple present tense
Simple Present Tense
I sing
How do we make the Simple Present Tense?
subject + auxiliary verb + main verb

do
base

There are three important exceptions:

1. For positive sentences, we do not normally use the auxiliary.
2. For the 3rd person singular (he, she, it), we add s to the main verb or es to the auxiliary.
3. For the verb to be, we do not use an auxiliary, even for questions and negatives.

Look at these examples with the main verb like:

subject auxiliary verb
main verb
+ I, you, we, they

like coffee. He, she, it

likes coffee. – I, you, we, they do not like coffee. He, she, it does not like coffee. ? Do I, you, we, they
like coffee? Does he, she, it
like coffee?

Look at these examples with the main verb be. Notice that there is no auxiliary:

subject main verb

+ I am
French. You, we, they are
French. He, she, it is
French. – I am not old. You, we, they are not old. He, she, it is not old. ? Am I
late? Are you, we, they
late? Is he, she, it
late?
How do we use the Simple Present Tense?

We use the simple present tense when:

* the action is general
* the action happens all the time, or habitually, in the past, present and future
* the action is not only happening now
* the statement is always true

John drives a taxi. past present future It is John’s job to drive a taxi. He does it every day. Past, present and future.

Look at these examples:

* I live in New York.
* The Moon goes round the Earth.
* John drives a taxi.
* He does not drive a bus.
* We do not work at night.
* Do you play football?

Note that with the verb to be, we can also use the simple present tense for situations that are not general. We can use the simple present tense to talk about now. Look at these examples of the verb “to be” in the simple present tense – some of them are general, some of them are now:
Am I right?
Tara is not at home.
You are happy. past present future The situation is now. I am not fat.
Why are you so beautiful?
Ram is tall. past present future The situation is general. Past, present and future.

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